全是干貨！2019年首場SAT都考了啥？歷史閱讀很難？

2019年的首場SAT考試已落下帷幕，這是SAT自改革之后在全球范圍內(nèi)的第35場考試，在亞太地區(qū)的第14場考試，整體考試難度中等，相比于18年12月的亞太場難度略高一些，歷史和小說話題比較耳熟能詳，不難理解。

閱讀部分

 

考情分析：

整體難度一般，第二篇歷史類文章閱讀難度較大。

 

考試內(nèi)容：

文章順序：小說-歷史-自然科學(xué)-社科-雙對比

 

Passage 1:小說類 Make your home among strangers

 

作者、文章簡介鏈接：

 

httpss://firstgen.naspa.org/book/make-your-home-among-strangers

 

文章內(nèi)容:

Liz很喜歡上biology 課，她收到professor郵件后非常忐忑，因為Professor沒有告訴她見面原因，也沒有從語氣中透露任何信息。她以為自己太差了，教授要把她從這個課請出去。教授是個非常仔細的人，對學(xué)生們的細節(jié)要求很高，Liz收到郵件后就回想自己在實驗室的時候，每個細節(jié)有沒有照professor的要求做到。
在meeting 之前的一堂三個小時的生物課，Liz以為是自己最后一次上課，要和實驗室里的各種設(shè)備say goodbye了。她覺得professor是這種人：show her frustration with kindness. 當(dāng)你打碎儀器的時候，她用很高的音調(diào)說“It’s okay”, 你打掃碎玻璃的時候她就在旁邊，幫你看著哪里有沒掃的玻璃，等你掃完了，掃帚放好了，她又看見了碎玻璃，會溫柔地讓你重新拿掃帚掃。
課程結(jié)束了，Liz忐忑地去找教授。professor問她喜歡生物課嗎？她說喜歡。問她的夢想是什么？Liz為了討好教授說相當(dāng)科學(xué)家，但她真正的夢想是醫(yī)生。故事真相是——professor有一個summer research position 想推liz去.

Passage 2: 歷史類 a speech of Franklin in 1787 

原文鏈接：

 

httpss://www.bartleby.com/268/8/12.html

 

文章內(nèi)容：

 

Two passions of men that have great impact, 一種是ambition, 第二是the pursuit of money and power. If you show a man a post of power, 他會不遺余力地得到它。接著作者用英國政府中存在這樣的職位競爭，導(dǎo)致conflict不斷來支持前面的觀點。（此處考了一道尋證題）

 

第二段以問題開頭—是哪種人會不遺余力獲取權(quán)力金錢呢？一定不是愛好和平，humble, patient這一類人；卻是ambitious, 有欲望的人。

 

第三段講the conflict between the governing and the governed, 人民越不想被統(tǒng)治，統(tǒng)治階級對權(quán)力和金錢的需求和欲望越大，他要錢去討好支持他的黨派們以鞏固自己的地位，錢肯定要從人民稅收中來，這是主要矛盾點。

 

Passage 3: 自然科學(xué)類 The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution

 

原文簡介：

httpss://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Greatest_Show_on_Earth:_The_Evidence_for_Evolution

 

文章內(nèi)容：

一種名為ps 的動物，originally from 一個地方名為pk, 在另外一個叫PM 的地方是不存在的，1971年的時候，科學(xué)家把一部分ps 這種動物運到PM。2008年再比較兩個物種的時候，科學(xué)家預(yù)測PM上的PS和PK上的PS是一樣的。（緊接著后面的內(nèi)容出了尋證題）但是這樣推測是沒有道理的，因為不管怎樣這36年P(guān)K上的PS一定也是進化了的，有改變的。

 

第二段篇幅非常短： 那兩個地方的PS有什么區(qū)別？PM上的PS這種動物頭更大，更寬，更高，咬肌更發(fā)達。他們相對于PK上的PS更多吃草，PK上的更多吃Insects。

 

第三段既然PM上的動物吃草，為什么要更發(fā)的的咬肌呢？因為植物有細胞壁，相比肉類，更需要強大的咬肌。而且PM上的動物胃里有特殊的細菌和其他微生物幫助消化植物。 其他的不同之處是PM上的PS密度更大。

 

Passage 4: 社會科學(xué)類 Adapted from Wray Herbert: On second thought: outsmarting your mind’s hard-wired habits.

 

文章內(nèi)容：

 

這篇文章開頭2段講了人們根據(jù)對貨幣或事物的熟悉度來判斷事物的價值，并不總是根據(jù)事物的客觀價值。人們是根據(jù)心理熟悉度作出反應(yīng)的，熟悉帶來comfort, 不熟悉帶來discomfort，由此產(chǎn)生了事物價值高低之分。

 

后面的段落引用研究人員Adam Altman and Daniel Oppenheimer設(shè)計的三個實驗證明上述結(jié)論，個實驗是給被實驗人1 dollar和1 susan B，讓其對生活常用品，比如紙巾，筆等進行評估價值， 盡管兩者在價值上相同，但是由于人們只對一美元熟悉，普遍對一美元的購買力賦予更高價值。

 

為了進一步證明的普遍性，實驗人員給了被實驗著2 dollars （現(xiàn)實中不存在）和2 shinges, 雖然2美元上印著美國開國元勛杰弗遜的頭像，人們由于對其不熟悉，給予其的購買力價值相對較低。

 

第三個實驗對人們對與熟悉度的偏好有個更進一步的驗證。給予被實驗人2組字體的物品清單，一組較為熟悉，另一組不清晰，被實驗者做出了和上述兩個實驗相同的結(jié)果，這就是Adam Altman and Daniel Oppenheimer 提出的 fluency heuristic，強調(diào)familiarity導(dǎo)致人們習(xí)慣性賦予其較高價值。

 

 

5 自然科學(xué)類 雙篇

 

文章來源：

httpss://www.nhbs.com/genesis-the-scientific-quest-for-lifes-origin-book

 

Passage1  Robert Hazen的Genesis: The Scientific Quest for Life's Origin

 

Passage 2 取自 university of North Carolina School of Medicine的文章biochemists resurrect: molecular fossils: findings challenge the attempts about origins of life（發(fā)表在sciencedaily上）

 

 

文章內(nèi)容：
Passage1 上世紀80年代對于RNA ribozymes的發(fā)現(xiàn)開啟了人們理解生命起源的新篇章，1989年兩位科學(xué)因此領(lǐng)域研究獲得諾貝爾獎。
在以前的知識體系下，DNA和Protein是雞生蛋蛋生雞的關(guān)系：DNA攜帶信息，protein制造和表達信息，根據(jù)對RNA的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，RNA ribozymes可能同時具備這兩項功能，由此產(chǎn)生了RNA World theory. 

 

Passage 2 首先RNA ribozymes進化到當(dāng)今的復(fù)雜程度需要很長時間，在地球存在4.5billions年里，這種發(fā)展進化速度是不可能的。
其次，沒有證據(jù)表明RNA ribozymes在幾十億年前存在。Carter教授使用技術(shù)進行了研究。人類基因密碼由兩大modern day enzymes族系轉(zhuǎn)譯。Carter教授發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩大族系由共有的identical cores來產(chǎn)生molecular fossil， 教授將其命名為Urzymes. 并推斷出此物質(zhì)可能是古時早期生命信息的的存在狀態(tài)。

文法部分

 

考情分析：

語法整體偏簡單，考察的都是常見知識點，文章難度不大，很容易讀懂。詞匯和固定搭配也很好識別?？嫉揭活}though在句子中間做插入語的情況，有2題transition的題目，一題是furthermore besides by contrast 區(qū)別，一題考到了rather。

 

考試內(nèi)容：

篇：Dickens takes the stage

 

英國作家Dickens在寫作之前做過表演，因此他想到把表演和寫作結(jié)合起來，朗讀他的小說給觀眾聽。舞臺布置非常簡單，只需要他的出現(xiàn)和他的聲音，他曾經(jīng)在一場表演中模仿過23個人的聲音。由于Dickens之前做過舞臺相關(guān)工作，他經(jīng)常和觀眾互動，很多觀眾成了他的朋友。他還進一步發(fā)展了這種intimacy，他鼓勵觀眾對表演作出公開的反應(yīng)。他做了472場這樣的表演，是個成為名人的作家。

 

第二篇：Fritz Pollard Beyond the Gridiron

 

Fritz Pollard是1913年到1937年間的足球運動員和教練，他退役后從事里各種職業(yè)來促進美國黑人的職業(yè)發(fā)展。

 

他最開始做專欄作家，推介美國黑人的運動成就，并促使NFL及其他運動聯(lián)盟消除種族隔離。他還同樣推介演技界的黑人演員。

 

他還做黑人的經(jīng)紀人，建立了sunstan studio，使很多黑人藝術(shù)家獲得成功。

 

除此之謂他還做過稅務(wù)咨詢等，他把所有這些成就都歸功于他在足球上的成功。

 

第三篇：Why we still need mapmkers

 

講的是隨著科技的發(fā)展，是否還需要制作地圖的人，全文作者的觀點是依舊需要的 ，4篇詞匯題貌似只有1題考了considerating和considerable的區(qū)別，考察considerable做大量的意思比較簡單。句子排序題只有1題，圖表題在最后一篇出了1題。文章難度都一般，很容易讀懂。

 

第四篇：The art of a cat’s lap

 

講的是，研究貓喝牛奶時舔舌頭的頻率。Smith發(fā)現(xiàn)貓?奶是從舌頭下面流下去。于是開始研究貓的舐食行為，通過慢動作回放，得出結(jié)論：貓喝水的確是通過舌頭下面流下去的。之后，MIT研究人員也證實了Smith的部分。

 

研究結(jié)果，同時提出貓的舐食行為的速度和準度也起到了很重要的作用。舔舐速度和受到的重力影響成反比。

 

 

數(shù)學(xué)部分

 

考情分析：

整體偏簡單，基本沒有設(shè)置特別難的題干陷阱。題干長度和閱讀難度一般。幾何部分難點圓沒有考，統(tǒng)計部分難點標準差沒有考。沒有計算除出錯考生拿到滿分的難度不大。

 

考試內(nèi)容：

第三第四部分各出了一題關(guān)于根據(jù)二元方程組解集的情況求系數(shù)問題，常規(guī)考點，一題no solution以及一題infinite solutions情況。

 

此次對于二次函數(shù)的考察較多，出現(xiàn)了二次函數(shù)應(yīng)用題求最值的問題，以及對于頂點式的考察。函數(shù)圖像的變化出的比較簡單，考到了上下平移的情況。

 

統(tǒng)計方面，boxplot圖像再次出現(xiàn)，學(xué)習(xí)過相關(guān)內(nèi)容的同學(xué)能夠很快求出range，margin of error的概念也再次出現(xiàn)。Mean,median出題點較多，標準差的題目沒有出現(xiàn)。line of best fit考了兩道，都以帶圖表的選擇題形式出現(xiàn)。

 

此次幾何圓相關(guān)內(nèi)容以及多項式函數(shù)和圖像性質(zhì)并未涉及。

 

應(yīng)用題部分考到了比例尺題： 地圖上1inch represent 300 feet, 面積是12的地圖，當(dāng)?shù)貓D長寬都增加50%后，1 inch 代表多少feet？

寫作部分

 

考情分析：

這次寫作的文章題目取材于紐約時報，關(guān)于環(huán)境污染的問題，這類文章比較貼近考生日常學(xué)習(xí)，寫起來相對容易。

 

考試內(nèi)容：

文章作者是Eric Betz, 選自2015年Los Angeles Times的一篇文章, 名為 “Let There be (Less) Light”, 文章主要探討了夜間光污染的問題. 文章的主旨在題目中的prompt中直接體現(xiàn): “Cities must reduce light pollution”.

 

寫作原文:

 

DIRECTIONS

 

The essay gives you an opportunity to show how effectively you can read and comprehend a passage and write an essay nalyzing the passage. In your essay, you should demonstrate that you have read the passage carefully,present a clear and logical analysis, and use language precisely.Your essay must be written on the lines provided in your answer booklet;except for the Planning Page of the answer booklet, you will receive no other paper on which to write. You will have enough space if you write on every line,avoid wide margins, and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size. Remember that people who are not familiar with your handwriting will read what you write.Try to write or print so that what you are writing is legible to those readers.

 

REMINDERS

 

1. Do not write your essay in this booklet. Only what you write on the lined pages of your answer booklet will be evaluated.

2. An off-topic essay will not be evaluated.

You have 50 minutes to read the passage and write an essay in response to the prompt provided inside this booklet.

 

As you read the passage below, consider how Eric Betz uses

• evidence, such as facts or examples, to support claims.

• reasoning to develop ideas and to connect claims and evidence.

• stylistic or persuasive elements, such as word choice or appeals to emotion,to add power to the ideas expressed.

 

Adapted from Eric Betz, “Let there be (less) light” ©2015 by the Los Angeles Times. Originally published August 16, 2015.

 

1、Looking out across Los Angeles from Mt. Wilson Observatory at night, the hills and mountains look like islands in a sea of light. It was here that Edwin Hubble first proved our universe was expanding at a rapid pace. From this vantage point you can still make out the major constellations, but drive into the light bubble and suddenly the cosmos feels awfully far away. The city shines so bright it blocks out the stars, a phenomenon known as "skyglow."

 

2、Light seeps into the sky from stadiums, malls, parking lots, offices and billboards. But streetlights, with their harsh bulbs, are the worst offenders. . . .

 

3、We intuitively assume that more lights mean less crime. Indeed, police are often taught that, second to more cops, good lighting is the best crime deterrent.

 

4、Yet decades of research show there's no scientific reason to believe that darker streets are inherently more dangerous. And, increasingly, researchers are finding that excess light is toxic for both humans and wildlife.

 

5、In one study, published July 28 in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, researchers examined 14 years of data from 62 local authorities across England and Wales, hunting for crime and collision trends among agencies that reduced their lighting.

 

6、But the health researchers found no link between collisions and lighting despite studying about 14,500 miles of roadways where streetlights were dimmed, lighted for only part of the night or shut off entirely. They also examined lighting's effect on crime and similarly found no increase in burglary, auto theft, robbery, violence or sexual assault in areas where lighting policy had changed.

 

7、The scientists published a companion study based on surveys of 520 people living in darkened areas. Many residents said they didn't even notice the dimming, let alone feel threatened by an uptick in crime.

 

8、Other studies back up these results. In 1998, for example, Chicago tried to fight crime with a three-phase plan that included upgrading 175,000 streetlights, as well as lights in transit stations and alleys around the city. The city kept experimental control areas unchanged and found that crime consistently increased in both the well-lighted and the control areas. Illinois criminal justice officials concluded that strolling down a dark alley was no more dangerous than doing so in a well-lighted one.

 

9、All this should make taxpayers uneasy. Last week, the Cities at Night project released a report estimating that the European Union alone spends about $7 billion annually to power streetlights.

 

10、But there's something much more troubling than wasted money about losing the night. A growing body of biological research suggests that nighttime lighting messes with the circadian rhythms of humans and other animals, wreaking havoc on everything from sleep patterns to DNA repair.

 

11、Studies have shown that nighttime light exposure is a risk factor for some cancers, diabetes, heart disease and obesity. As scientists continue to gather evidence, the American Medical Assn. has already recommended that cities reduce light pollution and that people avoid staring at electronic screens after dark.

 

12、LEDs are of particular concern. Cities around the world are converting from traditional yellow sodium-vapor lamps, which cast their light in a narrow range, to broad-spectrum LED streetlights. Los Angeles has installed 165,000 LEDs in recent years, slashing streetlight energy use by 60% and netting $8 million in energy savings annually.

 

13、The problem is that these bright lamps increase skyglow by emitting more blue light than the older technology. They also could have unintended effects on wildlife. Artificial lights can disrupt navigation, mating and feeding among the many nocturnal animals that share our cities.

 

14、A University of Bristol study published this month showed that certain moths can't perform evasive maneuvers against predatory bats under LEDs. And recent research in New Zealand shows some insects are 48% more attracted to the new LEDs than they were to the old-fashioned lights. The researchers worry that widespread use of the new technology will create a "white-light night" that intensifies light pollution's pressure on ecosystems.

 

15、The psychological loss is less measurable. . . .

 

16、What happens when people grow up without stars? Do they lose their connection to the cosmos that our ancestors tracked so carefully, night after night?

無錫雅思，無錫托福，無錫SAT相關(guān)資訊請關(guān)注無錫新航道官方網(wǎng)址m.alugueltemporadaflorianopolis.com